The Berlin Summit Declaration

Liberal democracies are today confronted with a wave of popular distrust in their ability to serve the majority of their citizens and solve the multiple crises that threaten our future. This threatens to lead us into a world of dangerous populist policies exploiting the anger without addressing the real risks, ranging from climate change to unbearable inequalities, or major global conflicts. To avert major damages to humanity and the planet, we must urgently get to the root causes of people’s resentment.

There is ample evidence today that this distrust is not only, but to a large extent, driven by the widely shared experience of a real or perceived loss of control over one’s own livelihood and the trajectory of societal changes. This sense of powerlessness has been triggered by shocks stemming from globalization and technological shifts, now amplified by climate change, AI and the inflation shock. And, decades of poorly managed globalization, overconfidence in the self-regulation of markets and austerity have hollowed out the ability of governments to respond to such crises effectively.

Winning back the people’s trust means rebuilding these capacities. We do not pretend to have definitive answers. However, it seems crucial to re-design or strengthen policies based on some of the fundamental lessons we can draw from what has caused such levels of distrust. These suggest that we need to:

• reorient our policies and institutions from targeting economic efficiency above all to focusing on the creation of shared prosperity and secure quality jobs;
• develop industrial policies to proactively address imminent regional disruptions by supporting new industries and direct innovation toward wealth-creation for the many;
• make sure industrial strategy is less about giving out subsidies and loans to sectors to stay in place and more about helping those invest and innovate towards achieving goals like net zero;
• design a healthier form of globalization that balances the advantages of free trade against the need to protect the vulnerable and coordinate climate policies while allowing for national control over crucial strategic interests;
• address income and wealth inequalities that are reinforced via inheritance and financial market automatism, be it by strengthening the power of poorly paid, appropriately taxing high incomes and wealth, or securing less unequal initial conditions through instruments like a social inheritance;
• redesign climate policies combining reasonable carbon pricing with strong positive incentives to reduce carbon emissions and ambitious infrastructure investment;
• ensure developing nations have the financial and technological resources they need to embark on the climate transition and the mitigation and adaptation measures without compromising their prospects;
• generally establish a new balance between markets and collective action, avoiding self-defeating austerity while investing in an effective innovative state;
• reduce market power in highly concentrated markets.

We are living through a critical period. Markets on their own will neither stop climate change nor lead to a less unequal distribution of wealth. Trickle-down has failed. We now face a choice between a conflictual protectionist backlash and a new suite of policies that are responsive to people’s concerns. There is a whole body of groundbreaking research on how to design new industrial policies, good jobs, better global governance and modern climate policies for all. It is now critical to develop them further and put them into practice. What is needed is a new political consensus addressing the deep drivers of people’s distrust instead of merely focusing on the symptoms, or falling into the trap of populists who pretend to have simple answers.

As the danger of armed conflicts around the world has risen due to diverging geo-political interests, liberal democracies will, as a prerequisite, need to demonstrate their ability to both defend their values and defuse direct hostilities, ultimately open the path to sustainable peace, as well as diminish the tensions between the US and China.

Any attempt to durably get citizens and their governments back into the driver’s seat has the potential to not only promote wellbeing for the many. It will help to once again foster trust in the ability of our societies to solve crises and secure a better future. We need an agenda for the people to win back the people. There is no time to waste.

May 2024

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Read the declaration in other languages: FR, JP, GER, IT, ES, NL

Find the press release HERE.

Sign the declaration HERE.

Total signatories [561 on 18 November 2024]

Dani Rodrik, Harvard University
Branko Milanovic, City University New York
Mariana Mazzucato, University College London
Adam Tooze, Columbia University
Laura Tyson, UC Berkeley
Thomas Piketty, EHESS Paris
Gabriel Zucman, UC Berkeley
Jens Südekum, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf
Isabella Weber, University of Massachusetts Amherst
Olivier Blanchard, PIIE
Angus Deaton, Princeton University
Mark Blyth, Brown University
Catherine Fieschi, European University Institute
Xavier Ragot, OFCE
Daniela Schwarzer, Bertelsmann Stiftung
Jean Pisani-Ferry, Sciences Po/Bruegel/PIIE
Barry Eichengreen, UC Berkeley
Laurence Tubiana, European Climate Foundation
Pascal Lamy, Institut Jacques Delors
Ann Pettifor, Prime Economics
Maja Göpel, Mission Wertvoll
Stormy-Annika Mildner, Aspen Institute Berlin
Katharina Pistor, Columbia University
Thomas Fricke, Forum New Economy
Achim Truger, Sachverständigenrat zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung
Alan Kirman, EHESS Paris
Anatole Kaletsky, Gavekal Research
Andrew Watt, IMK
Anke Hassel, Hertie School
Anne-Laure Delatte, Université Paris-Dauphine
Antonella Stirati, University of Roma Tre
Avishay Braverman, Prof Emeritus and former President Ben Gurion University
Barbara Praetorius, HTW Berlin
Bettina Kohlrausch, Institute of Economic and Social Research
Bill Janeway, Cambridge University
Caio Koch-Weser, former State Secretary
Carlota Perez, University College London
Christian Breuer, Sachverständigenrat zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung
Christian Kastrop, Global Solutions Initiative
Dalia Marin, Technische Universität München
David Zilberman, University of California, Berkeley
Dirk Ehnts, Torrens University
Dorothea Schäfer, DIW Berlin
Eric Lonergan, Author/Economist
Eric Monnet, EHESS
Francesca Bria, Italian National Innovation Fund
Gerhard Schick, Bürgerbewegung Finanzwende
Helene Schuberth, Österreichischer Gewerkschaftsbund
Henning Vöpel, Centrum für Europäische Politik
Jay Pocklington, INET
Jérôme Creel, OFCE
Jonas Meckling, University of California, Berkeley
Martyna Linartas, Ungleichheit.info
Michael Jacobs, University of Sheffield
Peter Bofinger, University of Würzburg
Prakash Loungani, John Hopkins University
Richard McGahey, Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis
Robert Gold, IfW Kiel
Robert Johnson, INET
Rohan Sandhu, Harvard University
Sander Tordoir, CER
Sebastian Dullien, IMK
Servaas Storm, TU Delft
Shahin Vallée, DGAP
Stephen Kinsella, University of Limerick
Teresa Ghilarducci, The New School
Thomas Biebricher, Goethe-University Frankfurt
Trevor Sutton, Center for American Progress
William Hynes, UCL